Actions. For Water Sustainability. Malaysia Water Association (MWA) 29 April 2017 ǀ 11am-12pm ǀ Kota Permai Club, Shah Alam

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1 10 Actions For Water Sustainability (Sustainable Development Goals 2030) Malaysia Water Association (MWA) 29 April 2017 ǀ 11am-12pm ǀ Kota Permai Club, Shah Alam 1

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3 TN50: Feedback on Energy, GreenTech & Water Name: IC No * 2050 Remarks RE in Energy Mix 18.4% 25% EEV (energy efficient vehicle) 32.6% - EEV + EV (electric vehicle) - 100% CO Emission (metric tons/capita/year) 8 6 Energy Efficiiency <2% 15% Treated Wastewater Recycling <1% 35% Freshwater extraction rate 2% 15% % Green Manufacturing SME 10% 50% Green Building Sanitary Landfil/Non-Sanitary Landfill 14/147 50% Solid Waste Recycling Rate 17.5% 50% * Targets in Green Tech Master Plan hadiddin.hashim@kettha.gov.my / inu@kettha.gov.my 3

4 Water rationing Kuala Lumpur, 2016 Interruption due to non-climatic reasons 4 4

5 Climate change 5

6 Climate Change Stratospheric ozone depletion UV exposure Diverse pathways Human welfare Agro-ecosystem productivity Desertification & land degradation Population displacement Decline in Ecosystem services Water quantity & safety Altered precipitation Biodiversity loss & ecosystem function Freshwater shortage 6

7 Climate change 7

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11 Nov 19, 2016 COP22, Marrakech Jeffrey David Sachs (born 1954) is an economist and director of The Earth Institute at Columbia University, where he holds the title of University Professor. Known as one of the world's leading experts on economic development and the fight against poverty. Special adviser to the former UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon and Kofi Annan on the Millennium Development Goals. Sachs was first holder of the Ungku Aziz Chair in Poverty Studies at University of Malaya ( ), and Jeffrey Sachs Centre on Sustainable Development at Sunway University s Center for Sustainable Development (since 2016) 11

12 Sustainable Development Index,

13 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INDEX INDICATORS ENVIRONMENTAL (10) Stock of forests SO2 emission per hactare Over exploitation of fish CO2 emission per capita Adjusted net savings 13

14 MWA Dialogue with KSU KETTHA, Five water challenges Financial sustainability (esp. bankability and tariff, system efficiency) Demand management (water efficiency, 1PE=180 l/d.cap., green tax) Water sustainability (carbon footprint, 2% to 15% freshwater extraction, urban catchment) Sewage = municipal ww + industrial ww (from domestic to commercial/industrial base load financing) Water Economy (policy framework, technology, expertise, education etc.) 14

15 MWA Dialogue with KSU KETTHA,

16 MWA Dialogue with KSU KETTHA, Raising financial sustainability Strengthening the tariff setting Joint billing between water-sewerage Promoting greater efficiency in financial and operational management of operators Future? Water services = water supply + sewage + greywater? Joint billing between water-sewerage and electricity? Inter-state collaboration in integrated water management framework? zainiujang@kethha.gov.my 16

17 MWA Dialogue with KSU KETTHA, WATER SUPPLY MAIN CHALLENGES Reliability of water supply o More than 90% from rivers o Yield to be optimized o Critical Kedah, Melaka, PP, Perlis, Selangor High non-revenue water o 36.6% in 2013 (vs Bangkok 25%, Singpore 5%) o = 5694 MLD lost o = RM2.5 billion lost Lack of industrial sustainability o High operating cost o Low tariff o Dated technology o WSIA migration for Selangor, Kelantan, Kedah, Perlis, Pahang Limited coverage of treated & clean water o 92.5% for Kelantan, Sabah and Sarawak o Remoteness o Low population density o Difficult terrain o Poor infrastructure access zainiujang@kethha.gov.my 17

18 MWA Dialogue with KSU KETTHA, Increasing efficiency & productivity Holistic NRW reduction programs Rationalizing and upgrading STP Strengthening regulatory framework Water demand management program Developing national sewerage master plan Promoting waste to wealth industry 18

19 ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY The currency is Carbon (C) Approach? Reduce C emission Increase C sink Methodology (e.g.)? Green technology Green cover System? Green lifestyle Circular economy 19

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21 Rapid execution Low cost Big impact 21

22 1 Circular economy Alternative to a traditional linear economy (make, use, dispose) Keep resources in use for as long as possible, extract the maximum value from them whilst in use, then recover and regenerate products and materials at the end of each service life. 22

23 1 From linear to circular economy, lifestyle Linear Circular Buy decision Wants Need Options Multiple, trends Minimal, durable Culture By law, enforcement Passion Education Ownership After use Payment Motivation Benefits? Mine, variety Dispose Expensive, status Wealth, status Mission Sharing, minimalism Reuse Appropriate, reliable Sustainability, carbon 23

24 1 Actions towards circular water economy Rebrand, redesign Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) to Water Reclamation Plant (WRP) Reclaimed water to be marketed, 35% Sewage sludge to renewable energy production Water conservation, 180 l/cap.day 24

25 1 Water reclamation plants Circular economy Re-banding exercise, instead of STP Increase value of treated water and sludge 50% Bio-solids to be recycled 50% 1/3 Bio-solids to be recycled for electricity generation Bio-effluent to be recycled 25

26 2 Freshwater extraction Downstream water storage HORAS, ORS etc. Barrages Sabo structures at upstream of rivers & tributaries Constructed wetlands at upstream of rivers & tributaries % 10% 15% 26

27 Vienna, Austria Downstream water storage Offriver storage Donau-Auen National Park 27

28 2 Sabo structures 28

29 Sabo dam Toyama-Tateyama, Japan 29

30 Sabo dams Yamagata 30

31 PUTRAJAYA 2 31

32 Constructed wetlands 32

33 3 Water grid Multiple lines, especially in demand centres Multiple treated water production, to include: Independent water producers (IWP) Water reclamation plants (WRP) Independent water storage facilities (IWSF) Supply neighboring states WRP IWSF IWP 33

34 4 Increase revenue water Reverse psychology capture revenue water, not NRW RW Unit at KETTHA, and to involve all water operators New funding mechanism to capture revenue NRW 37% % % 2030 RW 63% % %

35 5 Connecting the unconnected Circular economy Sewerage connection Reclaimed plants close to water users Sunggala STP Completed 2008 Designed PE60,000 Connected PE32,000 Jelutong STP Completed 2008 Designed PE1.2m Connected PE650,000 Pantai 2 STP Completed 2016 Designed PE1.423m Connected PE710,000 Langat STP Completed 2020 Designed PE920,000 Unconnected PE35,000 35

36 5 Langat centralized sewage treatment plant Plant capacity: 920,000 PE Sewer network: 105 km (7 Zones) Pipe diameters: 225mm mm No. Pump Stations: 10 Sewer Max Depth: 25m Cost: RM1.6b 15 36

37 Domestic & commercial premises Domestic, Commercial & Industrial premises Domestic, Commercial & Industrial premises Domestic & commercial premises Industrial & commercial premises STP STP WRP WRP Constructed wetlands Sewerage objective: High quality receiving waters Treatment Treatment Reclamation Water resources Treatment Water resources Tourism Reclamation Water resources 37

38 6 Sustainable water tariff? Extensive promotion of sustainable tariff Tariff public discourse Conservation tax, instead of tariff increase Sustainable Demand Sustainable Supply S Sustainable Financing 38

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40 7 Global technology & service providers Water technology SMART tunnel Small decentralised wastewater plants Water transfer Constructed wetlands, e.g. Putrajaya Wetlands and Lake Water operation, maintenance and financing Independent Water and Power Producers? Year Water Industry Revenue, Malaysia 2015 RM6 b 2020 RM7 b 2030 RM30 b 2040 RM50 b 40

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42 8 Public participation Volunteerism, NBOS framework Create value on water infrastructures Recreational: Hiking and cycling trails, swim ponds, fishing 42

43 Volunteerism, esp. local community Trails Green trimming Sabo Constructed wetlands Wakaf Public water policing Social media communication Private-public funding 43

44 VALUE CREATION 9 Water economy RIVER ECONOMY FOOD RESOURCES BRISBANE DRINKING WATER SOURCES RECREATION TRANSPORTATION FLOOD MITIGATION POLLUTION DILUTION EFFLUENT RECEIVER KYOTO, JAPAN UTILIZATION 44

45 10 NBOS, green lifestyle change IKIGAI = reason for living 45

46 Boldness of reform Between reformation and delivery capability Barber M. et al., (2011) 2 Controversy without impact Transformation Status quo Improved outcomes 2 zainiujang@kettha.gov. Quality of execution 46

47 Outcomes? Water security Clean and reliable water supply Support socio-economic growth Water economy 47

48 Thank you! I am grateful to receive your feedbacks and take questions now MERDEKA AWARD 2009 ZAINI UJANG FASc, FIChemE (UK), FRPSL (Sweden), FIWA (UK), FIM, Hon.ASEAN Eng., PhD (Newcastle), MSc (Newcastle), BEng (UTM), AMP (Harvard), MICWEM (UK), MIEM, PEng (M), CEng (UK), CSci (UK) 48